As the country gets ready to mark the 80th anniversary of the Allied invasion of mainland Europe in the Second World War, research has brought to light the importance of a group of commandos with a unique skill set.
Christian Dunn, who is a professor of wetland science at 91快活林, has written about the subject and made a documentary for BBC Radio 4 about the story.
鈥淏efore the D-Day landings on 6 June 1944, a lot of work had been done to select the beaches the Allies would land on 鈥 eventually the Normandy coast was chosen,鈥 explained Professor Dunn.
鈥淗owever, the French Resistance are believed to have smuggled out some geological maps of the area 鈥 one of them dating back to the Roman Empire 鈥 which suggested there was soft clay and peat under the sand of the beaches.
鈥淧eat is a type of wetland sediment created over millennia, which can be very unstable. The Allied scientists and planners needed to find out where these clay and peat deposits were along the beaches so they didn鈥檛 land on them on D-Day,鈥 said Professor Dunn.
As the aerial photographs weren鈥檛 accurate enough, a group of commandos were given training in wetland and soil science, and then had to swim to the beaches, from small boats or submarines, to collect sediment samples, in the months before the landing.
鈥淚 find the bravery of these men incredible, but for me there鈥檚 an emotional attachment with the story as they were collecting samples in pretty much the same way as I do now - though fortunately, I鈥檓 not risking being tortured and shot when I do so,鈥 said Professor Dunn.
As the aerial photographs weren鈥檛 accurate enough, a group of commandos were given training in wetland and soil science, and then had to swim to the beaches, from small boats or submarines, to collect sediment samples, in the months before the landing.
鈥淚 find the bravery of these men incredible, but for me there鈥檚 an emotional attachment with the story as they were collecting samples in pretty much the same way as I do now - though fortunately, I鈥檓 not usually risking being tortured and shot when I do so,鈥 said Professor Dunn.
Recording the documentary took Professor Dunn over to the Normandy landing beaches, where he re-enacted one of the swims the commandos did and collected samples in the same way, using kit specially made by soil testing equipment manufacturers Royal Eijkelkamp for the programme.
鈥淚鈥檓 a wetland scientist, and spend a lot of my time wading around in mud in my wellies, but to think my area of science helped ensure the success of the climactic battle of WWII, is rather sobering,鈥 Professor Dunn added.
BBC audio science producer, Harry Lewis, said, 鈥淲hen we started discussing this idea with Christian, we knew we had to make a documentary about it 鈥 it is such a fascinating story with so many characters and tales to tell: we could have made an entire series about it. Working with Christian was a brilliant experience, he鈥檚 so incredibly passionate about science and history he makes the story come alive 鈥 to be honest, I never thought anyone could make mud so interesting!鈥
Professor Dunn is from the School of Environmental and Natural Sciences at 91快活林 and lectures of a range of topics in the School. The programme, called The Beaches, will be broadcast on BBC Radio 4 at 1:30pm on Sunday, 2 June and repeated at 4:00pm on Monday, 3 June, before being available on .